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Nobelium - 102No: properties of free atoms

Nobelium atoms have 102 electrons and the shell structure is  2.8.18.32.32.8.2.

The ground state electron configuration of ground state gaseous neutral nobelium is  [Rn].5f14.7s2 and the term symbol is  1S0.

Kossel shell structure of nobelium
Schematic electronic configuration of nobelium.
Kossel shell structure of nobelium
The Kossel shell structure of nobelium.

Atomic spectrum

 

A representation of the atomic spectrum of nobelium.

Ionisation Energies and electron affinity

The electron affinity of nobelium is (no data) kJ mol‑1. The ionisation energies of nobelium are given below.

Ionisation energies of nobelium
Ionisation energy number Enthalpy / kJ mol‑1
1st643 (calculated)
2nd1250
3rd2490
4th4000
5th5790
6th7140
7th9360
8th11500
9th13500
10th16400
11th18000
12th20800 (calculated)
13th23700
14th25800
15th27500
16th30100
17th32900
18th35400
19th38000
20th40700
21st43200
Ionisation energies of nobelium
Ionisation energies of nobelium.

Effective Nuclear Charges

The following are "Clementi-Raimondi" effective nuclear charges, Zeff. Follow the hyperlinks for more details and for graphs in various formats.

Effective nuclear charges for nobelium
1s(no data)  
2s(no data) 2p(no data)  
3s(no data) 3p(no data) 3d(no data)  
4s(no data) 4p(no data) 4d(no data) 4f(no data)
5s(no data) 5p(no data) 5d(no data)  
6s(no data) 6p(no data)  
7s   

References

These effective nuclear charges, Zeff, are adapted from the following references:

  1. E. Clementi and D.L.Raimondi, J. Chem. Phys. 1963, 38, 2686.
  2. E. Clementi, D.L.Raimondi, and W.P. Reinhardt, J. Chem. Phys. 1967, 47, 1300.

Electron binding energies

Electron binding energies for nobelium. All values of electron binding energies are given in eV. The binding energies are quoted relative to the vacuum level for rare gases and H2, N2, O2, F2, and Cl2 molecules; relative to the Fermi level for metals; and relative to the top of the valence band for semiconductors.
Label Orbital eV [literature reference]

Notes

I am grateful to Gwyn Williams (Jefferson Laboratory, Virginia, USA) who provided the electron binding energy data. The data are adapted from references 1-3. They are tabulated elsewhere on the WWW (reference 4) and in paper form (reference 5).

References

  1. J. A. Bearden and A. F. Burr, "Reevaluation of X-Ray Atomic Energy Levels," Rev. Mod. Phys., 1967, 39, 125.
  2. M. Cardona and L. Ley, Eds., Photoemission in Solids I: General Principles (Springer-Verlag, Berlin) with additional corrections, 1978.
  3. Gwyn Williams WWW table of values
  4. D.R. Lide, (Ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 81st edition, 2000.
  5. J. C. Fuggle and N. Mårtensson, "Core-Level Binding Energies in Metals," J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1980, 21, 275.