▸▸
  • 🇬🇧 Mendelevium
  • 🇺🇦 Менделеевій
  • 🇨🇳 鍆
  • 🇳🇱 Mendelevium
  • 🇫🇷 Mendélévium
  • 🇩🇪 Mendelevium
  • 🇮🇱 מנדלביום
  • 🇮🇹 Mendelevio
  • 🇯🇵 メンデレビウム
  • 🇵🇹 Mendelévio
  • 🇪🇸 Mendelevio
  • 🇸🇪 Mendelevium
  • 🇷🇺 Менделевий

Mendelevium - 101Md: properties of free atoms

Mendelevium atoms have 101 electrons and the shell structure is  2.8.18.32.31.8.2.

The ground state electron configuration of ground state gaseous neutral mendelevium is  [Rn].5f13.7s2 and the term symbol is  2F7/2.

Kossel shell structure of mendelevium
Schematic electronic configuration of mendelevium.
Kossel shell structure of mendelevium
The Kossel shell structure of mendelevium.

Atomic spectrum

 

A representation of the atomic spectrum of mendelevium.

Ionisation Energies and electron affinity

The electron affinity of mendelevium is (no data) kJ mol‑1. The ionisation energies of mendelevium are given below.

Ionisation energies of mendelevium
Ionisation energy number Enthalpy / kJ mol‑1
1st635 (inferred)
2nd1200
3rd2340
4th3860
5th5220
6th7330
7th9260
8th11100
9th13900
10th15600
11th18000
12th20700 (calculated)
13th23200
14th25100
15th27200
16th29600
17th32200
18th34700
19th37200
20th39800
21st42300
Ionisation energies of mendelevium
Ionisation energies of mendelevium.

Effective Nuclear Charges

The following are "Clementi-Raimondi" effective nuclear charges, Zeff. Follow the hyperlinks for more details and for graphs in various formats.

Effective nuclear charges for mendelevium
1s(no data)  
2s(no data) 2p(no data)  
3s(no data) 3p(no data) 3d(no data)  
4s(no data) 4p(no data) 4d(no data) 4f(no data)
5s(no data) 5p(no data) 5d(no data)  
6s(no data) 6p(no data)  
7s   

References

These effective nuclear charges, Zeff, are adapted from the following references:

  1. E. Clementi and D.L.Raimondi, J. Chem. Phys. 1963, 38, 2686.
  2. E. Clementi, D.L.Raimondi, and W.P. Reinhardt, J. Chem. Phys. 1967, 47, 1300.

Electron binding energies

Electron binding energies for mendelevium. All values of electron binding energies are given in eV. The binding energies are quoted relative to the vacuum level for rare gases and H2, N2, O2, F2, and Cl2 molecules; relative to the Fermi level for metals; and relative to the top of the valence band for semiconductors.
Label Orbital eV [literature reference]

Notes

I am grateful to Gwyn Williams (Jefferson Laboratory, Virginia, USA) who provided the electron binding energy data. The data are adapted from references 1-3. They are tabulated elsewhere on the WWW (reference 4) and in paper form (reference 5).

References

  1. J. A. Bearden and A. F. Burr, "Reevaluation of X-Ray Atomic Energy Levels," Rev. Mod. Phys., 1967, 39, 125.
  2. M. Cardona and L. Ley, Eds., Photoemission in Solids I: General Principles (Springer-Verlag, Berlin) with additional corrections, 1978.
  3. Gwyn Williams WWW table of values
  4. D.R. Lide, (Ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 81st edition, 2000.
  5. J. C. Fuggle and N. Mårtensson, "Core-Level Binding Energies in Metals," J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1980, 21, 275.