โ–ธโ–ธ
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง Nickel
  • ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ฆ ะั–ะบะตะปัŒ
  • ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ ้Žณ
  • ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Nikkel
  • ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท Nickel
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช Nickel
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฑ ื ื™ืงืœ
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Nichel
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต ใƒ‹ใƒƒใ‚ฑใƒซ
  • ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น Níquel
  • ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Niquel
  • ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช Nickel
  • ๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡บ ะะธะบะตะปัŒ

Nickel - 28Ni: isotope data

Nickel isotopes are used for the production of several radioisotopes. Ni-64 is used for the production of Cu-64 which is used in radioimmunotherapy. Ni-61 can be used for the production of the PET radioisotope Cu-61. Ni-62 is used for the production of the radioisotope Ni-63 which can be used as an XRF source, as an electron capture source in gas chromatographs and as a power source in microelectromechanical systems. Ni-58 can be used for the production of the radioisotope Co-58. Ni-60 is used for the production of Co-57 which is used in bone densitometry and as a gamma camera reference source. Ni-60 is also used as an alternative for the production of Cu-61, but the route via Ni-61 is more common. Finally, most stable Nickel isotopes have been used to study human absorption of Nickel.

Naturally occurring isotopes

This table shows information about naturally occuring isotopes, their atomic masses, their natural abundances, their nuclear spins, and their magnetic moments. Further data for radioisotopes (radioactive isotopes) of nickel are listed (including any which occur naturally) below.
Isotope Mass / Da Natural abundance (atom %) Nuclear spin (I) Magnetic moment (μ/μN)
58Ni 57.9353462 (16) 68.0769 (89) 0
60Ni 59.9307884 (16) 26.2231 (77) 0
61Ni 60.9310579 (16) 1.1399 (6) 3/2 -0.75002
62Ni 61.9283461 (16) 3.6345 (17) 0
64Ni 63.9279679 (17) 0.9256 (9) 0
Isotope abundances of nickel
Isotope abundances of nickel. In the above, the most intense ion is set to 100% since this corresponds best to the output from a mass spectrometer. This is not to be confused with the relative percentage isotope abundances which totals 100% for all the naturally occurring isotopes.

Radiosotope data

Further data for naturally occuring isotopes of nickel are listed above. This table gives information about some radiosotopes of nickel, their masses, their half-lives, their modes of decay, their nuclear spins, and their nuclear magnetic moments.
Isotope Mass / Da Half-life Mode of decay Nuclear spin Nuclear magnetic moment
56Ni 55.94214 6.08 d EC to 56Co 0
57Ni 56.939800 35.6 h EC to 57Co 3/2 0.88
59Ni 58.934351 76000 y EC to 59Co 3/2
63Ni 62.929673 100 y β- to 63Cu 1/2
65Ni 64.930088 2.517 h β- to 65Cu 5/2 0.69
66Ni 65.92912 54.6 h β- to 66Cu 0

References

  1. Naturally occurring isotope abundances: Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances report for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry in Isotopic Compositions of the Elements 1989, Pure and Applied Chemistry, 1998, 70, 217. [Copyright 1998 IUPAC]
  2. For further information about radioisotopes see Jonghwa Chang's (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) Table of the Nuclides
  3. Masses, nuclear spins, and magnetic moments: I. Mills, T. Cvitas, K. Homann, N. Kallay, and K. Kuchitsu in Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK, 1988. [Copyright 1988 IUPAC]

NMR Properties of nickel

Common reference compound: Ni(CO)4 + 10% C6D6.

Table of NMR-active nucleus propeties of nickel
  Isotope 1 Isotope 2 Isotope 3
Isotope 61Ni
Natural abundance /% 1.140
Spin (I) 3/2
Frequency relative to 1H = 100 (MHz) 8.936050
Receptivity, DP, relative to 1H = 1.00 0.0000409
Receptivity, DC, relative to 13C = 1.00 0.234
Magnetogyric ratio, γ (107 rad T‑1 s-1) -2.3948
Magnetic moment, μ (μN) -0.96827
Nuclear quadrupole moment, Q/millibarn +162(15)
Line width factor, 1056 l (m4) 0.035

References

  1. R.K. Harris in Encyclopedia of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, D.M. Granty and R.K. Harris, (eds.), vol. 5, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, 1996. I am grateful to Professor Robin Harris (University of Durham, UK) who provided much of the NMR data, which are copyright 1996 IUPAC, adapted from his contribution contained within this reference.
  2. J. Mason in Multinuclear NMR, Plenum Press, New York, USA, 1987. Where given, data for certain radioactive nuclei are from this reference.
  3. P. Pyykkö, Mol. Phys., 2008, 106, 1965-1974.
  4. P. Pyykkö, Mol. Phys., 2001, 99, 1617-1629.
  5. P. Pyykkö, Z. Naturforsch., 1992, 47a, 189. I am grateful to Professor Pekka Pyykkö (University of Helsinki, Finland) who provided the nuclear quadrupole moment data in this and the following two references.
  6. D.R. Lide, (ed.), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 1999-2000 : A Ready-Reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data (CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998.
  7. P. Pyykkö, personal communication, 1998, 204, 2008, 2010.