Fluorine - 9F: reactions of elements
Reaction of fluorine with air
Fluorine, F2 is not particularly reactive towards with oxygen, O2, or nitrogen, N2. It reacts with moisture in air to form oxygen, O2.
2F2(g) + 2H2O(g) → O2(g) + 4HF(g)
Reaction of fluorine with water
Fluorine reacts with water to produce oxygen, O2, and ozone, O3.
2F2(g) + 2H2O(l) → O2(g) + 4HF(aq)
3F2(g) + 3H2O(l) → O3(g) + 6HF(aq)
Reaction of fluorine with the halogens
Fluorine, F2, reacts with chlorine, Cl2, at 225°C to form the interhalogen species ClF. The trifluoride chlorine(III) fluoride is also formed and the reaction does not go to completion.
Cl2(g) + F2(g) → 2ClF(g)
Cl2(g) + 3F2(g) → 2ClF3(g)
Under more forcing conditions, excess fluorine reacts with chlorine, Cl2, at 350°C and 225 atmospheres pressure to form the interhalogen species ClF5.
Cl2(g) + 5F2(g) → 2ClF5(g)
Fluorine, F2, reacts with bromine, Br2, in the gas phase to form the interhalogen species BrF. The product is difficult to obtain pure since BrF disproportionates at toom temperature to form bromine, Br2, and BrF3 and BrF5.
Br2(g) + F2(g) → 2BrF(g)
3BrF(g) → Br2(l) + BrF3(l)
5BrF(g) → 2Br2(l) + BrF5(l)
Under more forcing conditions, excess fluorine reacts with bromine, Br2, at 150°C to form the interhalogen species BrF5.
Br2(l) + 5F2(g) → 2BrF5(l)
Fluorine, F2, reacts with iodine, I2, at about -45°C in CCl3F solvent to form the interhalogen species IF. The product is dificult to obtain pure since IF disproportionates at toom temperature to form iodine, I2, and IF5.
I2(g) + F2(g) → 2IF(g)
5IF(g) → 2I2(s) + IF5(l)
Reaction of fluorine with acids
With dilute acids, fluorine's reaction is probaly dominated by that with water, which produces oxygen, O2, and ozone, O3.
2F2(g) + 2H2O(l) → O2(g) + 4HF(aq)
3F2(g) + 3H2O(l) → O3(g) + 6HF(aq)
Reaction of fluorine with bases
Fluorine, F2 reacts with dilute aqueous hydroxide solutions to form oxygen(II) fluoride.
2F2(g) + 2OH-(aq) → OF2(g) + 2F-(aq) + H2O(l)