▸▸
  • 🇬🇧 Scandium
  • 🇺🇦 Скандій
  • 🇨🇳 鈧
  • 🇳🇱 Scandium
  • 🇫🇷 Scandium
  • 🇩🇪 Scandium
  • 🇮🇱 סקנדיום
  • 🇮🇹 Scandio
  • 🇯🇵 スカンジウム
  • 🇵🇹 Escândio
  • 🇪🇸 Escandio
  • 🇸🇪 Skandium
  • 🇷🇺 Скандий

Scandium - 21Sc: properties of compounds

The bond energy in the gaseous diatomic species ScSc is 162.8 ±21 kJ mol-1.

Scandium: bond enthalpies in gaseous diatomic species

The following values refer to neutral heterodiatomic molecules in the gas phase. These numbers may well differ considerably from, say, single bond energies in a solid. All values are given in kJ mol-1.

Diatomic ScX bond enthalpies. All values are quoted in kJ mol-1. Each formula in the table (ScO, ScF, and so on) is a link - select these to see visual periodicity representations for bond enthalpies involving scandium to elements of your choice.
ScH             ScHe
about 180              
ScLi ScBe ScB ScC ScN ScO ScF ScNe
    276 ±63 <= 444 ±21 469 ±84 681.6 ±11.3 589.1 ±13  
ScNa ScMg ScAl ScSi ScP ScS ScCl ScAr
      228.7 ±14   477 ±13 331  
ScK ScCa ScGa ScGe ScAs ScSe ScBr ScKr
      271.0 ±11   385 ±17 444 ±63  
ScRb ScSr ScIn ScSn ScSb ScTe ScI ScXe
          289 ±17    
ScCs ScBa ScTl ScPb ScBi ScPo ScAt ScRn
               
ScFr ScRa            
               
Image showing periodicity of element-element diatomic bond energies for the chemical elements as size-coded columns on a periodic table grid.
Image showing periodicity of element-element diatomic bond energies for the chemical elements as size-coded columns on a periodic table grid.

Notes

I am grateful to Professor J.A. Kerr (University of Birmingham, UK) for the provision of the bond strengths of diatomic molecules data.

The values given here are at 298 K. All values are quoted in kJ mol-1. Generally, these data were obtained by spectroscopic or mass spectrometric means. You should consult reference 1 for further details. A note of caution: the strength of, say, the C-H bond in the gaseous diatomic species CH (not an isolable species) is not necessarily, the same as the strength of a C-H bond in, say, methane.

The strongest bond for a diatomic species is that of carbon monoxide, CO (1076.5 ± 0.4 kJ mol-1). The strongest bond for a homonuclear diatomic species is that of dinitrogen, N2 (945.33 ± 0.59 kJ mol-1).

References

  1. J.A. Kerr in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 1999-2000 : A Ready-Reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data (CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, D.R. Lide, (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 81st edition, 2000.

Scandium: lattice energies

All values of lattice energies are quoted in kJ mol-1.

Table. All values of lattice energies are quoted in kJ mol-1.
Compound Thermochemical cycle / kJ mol-1 Calculated / kJ mol-1
ScF3 5492 5096
ScCl2 (no value) 2380
ScCl3 4866 4874
ScBr2 (no value) 2291
ScBr3 4729 4711
ScI2 (no value) 2201
ScI3 (no value) 4640
ScH2 2659 2711
ScH3 (no value) 5439
Sc2O3 13708 13557
  1. H.D.B. Jenkins - personal communication. I am grateful to Prof Don Jenkins (University of Warwick, UK) who provided the lattice energy data, which are adapted from his contribution contained within reference 2.
  2. H.D.B. Jenkins in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 1999-2000 : A Ready-Reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data (CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, D.R. Lide, (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998.

Standard Reduction Potentials

Standard reduction potentials of Sc
Standard reduction potentials of scandium

References

The standard reduction potentials given here for aqueous solutions are adapted from the IUPAC publication reference 1 with additional data and an occasional correction incorporated from many other sources, in particular, references 2-7.

  1. A.J. Bard, R. Parsons, and J. Jordan, Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solutions, IUPAC (Marcel Dekker), New York, USA, 1985.
  2. N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw, Chemistry of the Elements, 2nd edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK, 1997.
  3. F.A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 5th edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA, 1988.
  4. B. Douglas, D.H. McDaniel, and J.J. Alexander, Concepts and models of Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA, 1983.
  5. D.F. Shriver, P.W. Atkins, and C.H. Langford, Inorganic Chemstry, 3rd edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 1999.
  6. J.E. Huheey, E.A. Keiter, and R.L. Keiter in Inorganic Chemistry : Principles of Structure and Reactivity, 4th edition, HarperCollins, New York, USA, 1993.
  7. G.T. Seaborg and W.D. Loveland in The elements beyond uranium, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA, 1990.